Telephone system



June 15,1926. 1,588,764

F. LUBBERGER mmrnons SYSTEM Filed March 1'1. 1922 4 Sheet s-Sheet 1 4Sheets-Sheet 2 June 15 1926.

F. LUBBERGER TELEPHONE SYSTEM Filed March 17. 1922 All 4!.

N w h NAP June 15 1926. 1,588,764

- F. LUBBERGER TELEPHONE SYSTEM Filed larch 1'7. 1922 4 Sheetg-Sheat 4FEE Lubber EI' :Batented June 15 1926.

PATE

NT oF IcE.

FRITZ LUBBERGER, OF BERLIN-SCHMARQENDORF, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO SIEMENS &HALSKE AKTTENGESELLSCHAFT, OF SIEMENSSTADT, NEAR BERLIN, GERMANY.

TELEPHONE SYSTEM.

Application filed March17, 1922, Serial No. 544,616, and in GermanyMarch 18, 1921. v

Circuit arrangements are already known for setting selecting devicesused for telephone purposes over long distance lines used for speakingpurposes. The construction and maintenance of long lines is however Veryexpensive. Endeavours are therefore made to use the long distance linesfor transmitting various kinds of communications (e. g. telephone,printing telegraph, high frequency telephony, etc.) with the assistanceof special circuit combinations. To use such longdistance lines forsetting selecting devices for telephone purposes causes difliculties,

According to'the invention these difliculties are overcome in a simplemanner by using the means for transmitting telegraph symbols also forsetting the selecting devices for telephone traffic over long distancelines. The setting of selecting devices can for instance be eflectedwith the assistance of an automatic type printing high speed telegraphinstrument, which is preferably used for long telephone lines carrying aheavy traffic. This high speed telegraph is described in the periodicalTelegraphen und Fernsprechtechnik 1913, Nos. 12, 13, and 14.

The drawing shows diagrammatically several examples of the new circuitarrangement that are based on the above mentioned high speed telegraph.

In Figures 1 to 3 is shown a complete arrangement of the transmittingand receiving devices used for setting the selecting devices. Figure 4shows a switching arrangement, by means of which, during the maintenanceof a speaking connection, the selecting devices for the next connectioncan be set and this connection can be so far prepared that at the end ofthe conversation the subscrib ers lines can be connected to the longdistance line without loss of time.

In Figure 5 an arrangement is shown which is associated with the longdistance operator and is constructed similar to the transmitter of ahigh speed telegraph; this arrangement enables the long distanceoperator herself, without the assistance of the telegraph operator, totransmit the number impulses necessary for setting the selectingdevices.

In the circuit arrangement shown in Figures 1 to 3 two long distanceexchanges A and B are shown connected together by a trunk line FL. Thesetting of the selecting devices for long distance calls is accomplished in the following manner: It is assumed that a subscriber of thelocal exchange belonging to the long distance exchange A desires tospeak to a subscriber of the local exchange belonging to the longdistance exchange B. The record operator in the exchange A takes a noteof the c'. 1 and hands it on to the required long distance position. Atthe same time, therecord operator gives the required subscribers numberto the telegraph operator in the telegraph instrument room at theexchange A. The telegraph operator perforates a strip according to thenumber of the wanted subscriber. The long distance operator isconnected'with the telegraph operator by means of an order wire or anyother desired signalling arrangement; if no long distance call is yetset up she verbally gives the telegraph operator, over an order wire orother signalling arrangement, instructions to set up the number of thewanted subscriber. The telegraph operator in exchange A inserts theperforated strip into the sender, whereupon current impulses for settingthe selecting devices are transmitted. The long distance operatorcompletes the connection by inserting the calling plug into the longdistance jack. If the telegraph operator happens to be sending atelegram, he interrupts the telegram and first transmits the number. Thetelegraph operator in the other exchange B recognizes,-by the callingsignal for setting the selecting devices, that the following number doesnot belong to the telegram, and cuts out this number. As soon as thenumber has been transmitted, the transmitting telegraph operator in theexchange A again inserts the telegraph strip (a few letters being takenback) and. the further transmission of the telegram takes place.

For preparing the representation of the number impulses for setting theselecting devices a certain key of the key set belong ing to the highspeed telegraph is used at tomat-ic transmitter GB. It is assumed thatthe subscriber No.26? 9 of the exchange B is wanted. The preparatory orcalling signal is transmitted corresponding to the first row of holes inthe perforated strip (5 holes in the strip equal five number impulses).Thereby the following circuit is established: The contacts H H H H and Hconnect in succession the contacts ,K to K of the slip ring S to thepositive pole of the battery B whereby the rotation of the brush Bu overthe slip ring S repeatedly closes the circuit for the polarized relay X.The relay X responding to the five impulses, operates five times inquick succession and sends, by closing its contact m five positivecurrent impulses over the long distance line FL connected, forsimultaneously telegraphing: earth, battery 13,, contact w, winding I ofthe repeater U61, winding II of Ue connected in arallel, a and 6 leadsof the trunk line F connected in parallel winding I of the repeater Uein the exchange B, windin II of U62 connected in parallel, polarizedline relay X earth. The polarized line relay X connects its armature m,to the positive pole of the battery B five times, so that by therotation of the brushes B24 to Bu of the receiver ER, which rotatesimultaneously with the transmitting brush Bu the five polarized relaysR to R are in succession energized, since they are connected to the livecontacts of the receiver ring S earth, battery, 13,, contact 10 R or Rand so on, contact 1 or 2 etc., of the receiving ring S contact brushesBu and Bu slip ring 3,, earth. The relays R, to R move their contactarms into the position 1' 1' r 7' and 0",, (the first number behind eachr corresponds to the corresponding relay R R etc.).

Durin the rotation of the brushes Bu to Bu the relays R to R serve forstarting the signal to be repeated. During the succeeding rotation ofthe brushes this signal, in the manner described below, is repeated tothe repeater rings S to S At the same time, with the assistance of asecond set of relays R to R which corre spond to the relay set R, to R anew signal is started, which during the succeeding rotation of thebrushes is repeated to repeater rings S to S, by means of contact arms,

of this rela set. The relay set R to R and R1" to are alternatelyconnected to the receiver ring S Both these relay sets thereuponinterchange their functions at each rotation of the brushes. Whileduring one rotation one relay set receives a new character from the longdistance line, the other relay set translates the character it receivedduring the preceding rotation.

As'above explained, the relays R, to R were so energized during onerotation of the brushes Bu to Bu that their contact arms were broughtinto position 73,, 1' r 1' and T At the beginning of the succeedingrotation of the brushes, the relays R, 80 to R are disconnected from thereceiver ring 8,, by the arrangement shown. On this rotation as soon asthe brushes Bu to Bu reach a position, in which contact 8 corresponds tothe repeater ring S2, the fol-' lowing circuitis closed: earth, slipring 5,, brushes 1314,, Bug, cont-act 1 of slip ring 8,, contact 7-,, ofR contact 1' of R contact 1 of slip ring S brushes B10 B10 contact 2 ofslip ring S contact 1",, of R contact T of R contact 4 of slip ring Sbrushes Bu Bu contact 8 of slip ring S winding I of the starting relayAn, battery, earth. The starting relay An operates and locks itself overcontact an in the operating circuit: earth, battery, (m U winding II ofAn, earth. By the energizing of the starting relay An the operation of atranslator UR is prepared by the setting of the selecting devices; thistranslator is provided with a group of relays RG73 (Fig. 2), a steppingswitch (setting switch or the like) SW, a group of relays RG13, (Fig. 3)and a number sender ZQr. Simultaneously with the relay An, the 105printing magnet DrM is energized over r so that the calling signal alsoappears printed on the paperstrip, and the telegraph operatorrecognizes, that the following four characters (the number of thecharacters de- 1 0 pend on the size of the automatic exchange) do notbelong to the telegram.

The brushes have moved over the slip rings S to S and have run to thedotted position. Now the rotary magnet SM of 115 the stepping switchSl'V is energized as follows: earth slip ring S, brushes B11 Bu contact3 of the slip ring S starting magnet St-M contact wo, switch arm wa ofthe switch contact U of the relay U contact 120 (m of relay An battery,earth.

The switch arm lVa is set in the first contact 10, whereby a circuit isclosed for the relay U earth, winding U contact 10, and switch arm 20aof the stepping switch, con- 125 tact @1 cm battery earth. The relay Uis energized and closes its contacts u u a and u to 14 (Fig. 3), therebya circuit 1s prepared for the relay e. g. Z of the relay group RGTH ofthe translator UR, by

ing to the number 2. This signal cor-- responds to the hole in thesecond row of holes of the transmitter strip. The transmitter brush Bugenerates a negative current impulse when it moves over contact K bymoving over the contact K it generates positive current and by movingover the contacts K, to K, it generates again negative currents. Thepositive current holds at the receiver ER the relay R in the.

position 1' while the negative currents cause the relays R and R to R toreturn to the position r 9' T and r The relay An (Fig. 2)'by itsoperation closes the contacts an an (m (m and (m The relay R furthermorehas closed its contact On the next rotation of the brushes relay N istherefore energized asfollows: earth, slip ring S brushes Bu Bu contact1 of the slip ring S contactr contact (m winding I of the relay Nbattery, earth. The relay N locks itself over its contact a in thefollowing circuit: earth. battery winding II of N contact 12. contactSII earth, and moves its armature so that the contact 12 and n areclosed. The punching magnet STA is energized at the same time as therelay N This magnet can be used for making a corresponding strip ofholes at the receiver of the installation.

'hen on further rotation the brushes reach the dotted position thefollowing circuit is established :Earth, slip ring S brushes B11 Bucontact 3 of the slip ring S winding of the switching magnet StM,contact a (Fig. 3) of N operated contact a of N contact a of N winding Iof relay Z contact M12 of a battery earth. The relay Z locks itself overits contact 2, in the holding circuit: earth, battery, winding II of Z 2slip ring Sch, and contact arm of the number sender ZG earth; itconnects over its contact 2 earth to the second contact of the thousandgroup of the selecting device Sch of the number sender ZG.Simultaneously with Z the switch magnet StM (Fig. 2) of the steppingswitch is operated as soon as the brush Bu leaves the contact 3 of thering S,, the switch magnet StM is de-energized so that its contact armVa is moved on to the second contact IV,- WVhen the armature has I beenfully attracted the switch magnet StM opens its contact St whereby theholding circuit of relay N is opened and this relay is de-energized. Allthe N relays have and now returned to their normal position. Over thecorresponding contacts ofthe translator, slip rings S to S a circuitover the printing magnet DrM is closed so that the selected number isprinted on the paperslip of the telegraph operator.

On the further movement of the stepping switch SV on to the secondcontact w, the relay I], is de -energized and the relay U connected up.The relay U opens its contacts a,, to u (Fig. 3) whereby the receivingrelays Z to Z are disconnected for the lirst train of impulses. Therelay U by closing its contacts @4 to a has connected up the receivingrelays Z to Z for the second train of impulses. The impulses for thesecond contact of the wanted subscribers number are repeated in the samemanner. \Vhen the last (for instance 4th) train of impulses istransmitted the relay U is ener ized and closes its contacts u t contacta 1 lay a is energized. The relay U has opened its contact u Since therelay U locks itself over its contact U45, it only releases after theswitching magnet StM has set the contact arm l/Va of the stepping switchonto the fifth contact w, at the end of the impulse transmission (thefourth train). In this position the stepping switch in known mannerautomatically releases itself electrically or mechanically. The relay U.quickly releases and opens its contacts 11. U46, whereby the relays Anand U are caused to release. Since the relay U is slow acting; itreleases aftera fixed delay and closes its cont-act n so that in themeantime the relay An is reliably deenorgized and has opened itscontacts an, to The high speed telegraph is now again free for thereception of telegrams.

By the energization of relay U the circuit, for the coupling magnet KMof the sender ZG was closed over contact 4,, .(Fig. 3) earth, u windingof the coupling magnet KM, battery, earth. This magnet causes the senderZG to operate. As soon as the coupling magnet KM has moved the switcharm cating the trains of impulses that are to be generated by theimpulse transmitter of the number sender. lVhen the switch arm of thecontact row Sch reaches the last contact. the locking circuit. for theserelays is opened, so

the slow acting remakes one further step and thus likewise reaches thenormal position.

l The circuit arrangement shown in Figure 4 represents diagrammaticallyhow the befor'c described installation, by means of which the wantedsubscribefis number is transferred tothe register by means of thetelegraph, is connected with a telephone system at the receivingsideofthe whole installation. The arrangement shown in Fig.

4 has the special advantage that while a speaking connection ismaintained the selecting devices for the next connectioii can beoperated, so that there is no loss of time between succeeding calls(during the setting:

of-the selecting devices, answering the call etc). The method ofoperating the arrangement according to Figure 4 is as follows:

It is assumed that the subscriber T of the A exchange is connected witha subscriber T of the automatic exchange B over the long distance lineFL. The next connection to be set up is assumed to be a similar one, forinstance between the subscriber T of'the exchange A with a subscriber Tof the automatic exchange B. .l)uring the setting up of the connectionbetween the subscriber T and T battery .B was so connected to the longdistance line FL, by means of a switch MS located in the cord circuitSZP' of the long distance operator, over the plug Fbz, which has beeninserted into the long distance jack FK of the cord circuit StP, thatthe positive pole is connected to the a-lcad and the negative pole tothe b-lead, whereby a polarized relay M in the long distance exchange Bwas so energized that the contacts 1 2 and 3 of this relay were closed.()ver contacts 1 and 2,, the long distance line FL is connected with aconnection-ineans-ofaccess VL leading to the first selector LGlV andover the selectors LGW', ILGYV a connector LW is connected with thesubscriber T,. At contact 3 the circuit is closed for relays R and V. Assoon as relay R is en crgized the relay G is connected up over contact4.. The relay G at its contact S has connected the impulse transmitterSch, (Figs. 3 and 4) of the sender ZG to a sec ond (free) junction linewhich likewise leads to a first selector LGW.

The long distance operator at A now wishes to prepare the connectionwith the subscriber T of the exchange B. She sets the number sender ZGin the manner before described by means of the high speed tele graph. inorder to render the drawing clearer the parts Sch to Sch already shownin Figure 3 have been omitted from Figure 4. As soon as the numbersender has received the last train of impulses it starts to operateautomatically and over its impulse sender Sch,, transmits the firsttrain of impulses; earth 6,, contact row of the Impulse sender Sak 5 71, rela A battery, earth.

The relay-A repeats t e number impulses to the switching magnet of thefirst selector LGW, so that it is set in known manner. The test magnet Pof the first selector LGl/V operates over earth, winding I of P 0 wiperand contact of the selector resist'ance 'w battery, earth, and connectsitself in the holding circuit over its contact 8, and the'winding II. Atcontacts 9, and 10 the test relay P, connects the line through tothesecond selector ILGW.

If an impulse sender Sch now transmits the second row of impulses, therelay A, repeats the impulses to the switching magnet of the secondselector ILGW. This is accordingly set. The test relay P operates, locksitself over winding 11 and connects therline through at the contacts 11and 12,}. The next two trains'of impulses op erate the connector LW. Thetest relay P effects the switching over or switching through, but theconnection at present is still open at the switch contacts 13 and 14 ofthe polarized relay M, associated with the long distance line, set up tosubscriber T'.,. If the number sender ZG has transmitted the last trainof impulses it finds itself again in normal position.

011 the completion of the conversation between the snbscribers T and Tthe connection is set up over the cord circuit StP by the long distanceoperator with whom the subscriber T was connected over the localexchange that is associated with the long distance exchange A, but whichis for the sake of clearness not shown. The long distance operator A, bymeans of the key M8 so connects battery to the long distance line thatthe negative pole of battery B is now connected to the a-lead and thepositive pole to the b-lead, hence the polarized relay M, associatedwith the long distance line at the exchange B, is operated, thus openingits contacts 1, 2 and 3 and closing 13 14 and 15 At contacts 13 and 14,,the long distance line FL is connected with the trunk line VL givingaccess over the selecting devices LGlV, lLGVV and Ll/V to the subscriber T Over contact 15 the circuit for relays R and V are closed. Therelay R on operating closes its contacts 16,, 17, and 18,. By closingcontact 17. a circuit for the ringing relay Lt is closed, so that therelay Lt connects up every 10 seconds over a 10-second switch SK and atits contacts 19 and 20,, connects ringer generator to the subscribersline. Thereby the subscriber T is called.

WVhen the subscriber T answers, the relay Y, located in the speakingcircuit, is operated over: earth, battery, choke coil Dr, a-lead of thetrunk line LGVV, ILGW' LlV, b-lead of the subscribers line Ll/V; ILGW,IGW, b-lead of the trunk line,

Y, earth. The relay Y closes its contacts 21, and 22,-. At contact 21, acircuit for the cut-ofi' relay Ab is closedand at 22, a circuit for thedamped relay U is closed. The relay AZ) connects itself over contact ina holding circuit: earth, battery, AZ), 28 18,, earth and at contact 25disconnects the circuit for relay Lt, so that the generator for callingthe subscriber is disconnected. Relay U by closing its contacts 26., and27 has prepared a circuit for the clearing signal.

The subscribers T, and T. are now connected and conversation canproceed. At the end of the conversation both subscribers hang up. Thesubscriber T gives the clearing signal direct to the exchange A. Themeans for giving this signal are known 'and are therefore not shown inthe drawing. By hanging up the receiver" at station '1, the relay Y isde-energized. 1t releases and closes the contacts 23, and 24, wherebythe following circuit is established; battery 26 23,, 13,,,, repeaterUe, winding I, relay Q, repeater Ue, winding 11, 14 24,, 27 battery. Therelay Q operates, connects ring ing current over 29,, and 30 to the longdistance line FL so that the clearing signal SZ in the cord circuits StPin exchange A is operated. By the release of Y, U was also de-energized,because Y has opened its contact 22,. Since relay U is slow acting itopens its contacts some time after the release of the relay Y. Thecontacts 26., and 27,, remain closed for a little while, so that therelay Q is energized and only again released after a little While. Thetrunk operator at A has received the clearing signal. She cuts in in theusual manner and then releases the connection with the local subscriberT by withdrawing the plug and releases the connection with thesubscriber in the distant automatic exchange by connecting up battery Bat the key MS Thus the positive and negative poles of the battery B areagain connected to the a and b, leads, respectively, of the trunk lineFL. Hence the polarized relay M again operates its contacts, openings 1314 15 and closing 1 2 3 By opening the contact 15... the relays R and Vare released. The relay R opens its contacts 16,, 17., 18,. Hence atcontacts 17 and 18, the relays Lt and ab are disconnected, while atcontact 16,, the test circuit for the automatic connection is released.I

Since relays R and V were not energized during the connection ofsubscriber T with subscriber T the relay G was likewise deenergized.Hence the impulse sender Sch of the number sender was at contact 31connected to a free line tothe first selector LGW so that already duringthe conversation between T and T -a new connection could be prepared.For this purpose, the

selecting devices were set in the manner already described.

\Vit l pro-announced long distance calls, the wanted subscriber isreached as soon as the connection-is set up, so as to use the longdistance lines to the maximum extent, it is preferable that the call fornotifying the wanted subscriber should not be sent over the line FL-bythe long distance oper ator at the calling exchange A, but the wantedsubscriber should have the coming conversation notified by a speciallong distance operator in the wanted long distance exchange B. The callcan for. instance be ell'ected as follows The calls arriving at the longdistance exchange A are announced to the operator at B, in the order oftheir arrival, in the shape of a. telegram (subscribers number and name)by means of high speed telegraph instrument. The operator at 13 noted insuccession the wanted subscribers numbers (with correspondingren'iarks). Assuming that cohversation is taking place over the longdistance line FL, trunk line VL and the selecting devices LGl/V, ILGWand L\V, the, as described, the devices LGW and ILGXV and LW forpreparing the next connection are set. As soon as the contact arm Z7" ofthe number sender ZG reaches the last contact 29, the relay H isenergized as follows: earth, contact arm Z-r contact 29, contact 30 31,re lay H, battery, earth. The relay H connects itself over its contact32 in a holding circuit. -On operating, the relay H lights the lamp MLconnected in parallel. Thereby the operator recognizes that a newconnection is prepared and calls the subscriber, e. g. T by throwing into the speaking position the key AH associated with a trunk line VL Atcontact 83 of the key a circuitis closed for the ringing relay LT, earth83, Lt, 25. lO-second switch SK, battery, earth. The relay Lt isenergized every 10- seconds and sends ringing current over its contacts19 and 20 to the subscriber. Furthermore by throwing the listening keyAH into the speaking position at contact 31, the circuit for relay H andlamp ML is opened, whereby the relay H isde-energized and the lamp MLisextinguished. As soon as the subscriber answers, relay Y is energizedby speech current. Thereby its contact 21, is closed, so that the relayAZ) is energized. The relay A5 at contact 25, disconnects the relay Lt,thus ringing ceases. T 1e operator now informs the subscriber that hewill be called by the trunk exchange in a few minutes. If the wantedsubscriber cannot be reached, the trunk call must be deferred. Theoperator at B notifies this to the operator at A by means of the highspeed telegraph.

If itis to be made possible for the 0perator at exchange A to send theimpulses (signals) for setting the selecting devices without theassistance of the telegraphist at the high speed telegraph transmitter,her sender is arranged as shown in Fig. 5. Tu this arrangement a key setis provided which resembles the transmitting key set of the high speedtelegraph and has 10 number keys T to T and Ta and a key AnT. For thesake of clearness the drawing only shows the keys T T Ta and Anl. Bydepress-- ing key Ta the transmission of nnpulses for connecting up theregister UR (F1gs.-2 and 3) at the distant exchange B is started. W ththe sending arrangement accordmg to Fig. 5 moreover a stepping switch SWis provided, which has 12 contacts rows, K1 to V and K to V located inpairs opposite each other. Each contact row has 10 contacts. The contactrows K to V are provided with five groups C to C of five condensers. Thecondensers 1 to 5 of each group C1 to U are so connected in multiplewith the ten contacts of the corresponding rows of contacts K to V thatthe same condenser 1s connected at contacts 1 and 6, 2 and 7, 3 and 8, 4and 9 and 5 and 10.

Since each signal comprises a combinatlon of five positive or negativeimpulses 1n a definite order, there are fitted below the keys Tm, Tetc., five groups of three metal rails Sa Sw m, Sm, etc., perpendicularto the swinging direction of the keys, one of the outer of these rails,e. g. Sn of each group is connected to the positive pole of the batteryB and the other outer rail, e. g. Sp of each group is connected with thenegatiye pole of battery B while the middle rails Sal Sn etc., areconnected to contacts of the stepping switch Sl/V For the sake ofclearness, the rails Sa Sa Sn, etc., are shown located in the plane ofthe paper, although they actually run at right angles to the plane ofthe paper on the assumption that the keys Ta, T etc., swing parallel tothe plane of the paper. At the under side of the keys, the contactpieces K K are pivotally fixed and connect the positive pole of thebattery 18 or the negative pole of. battery B with the correspondingmiddle rail e. g., Sa on the depression of each key corresponding to thenumber of the key, thus combinations of positive and negative currentscorresponding to the numher, are generated.

-The stepping switch SW is so arranged that by closing the loop arm RMa,RM etc.,

the similarly numbered contacts 1, 2, 3 etc.,

of the contact rows K K and K K etc., located opposite each otherare-bridged in succession.

It is assumed that the operator at the ex-.

for the key Ta. This key corresponds to the preparatory or callingsignal, the current combination of which at the distant exchange Befi'ects the connecting up of the register UR (Fig. 2). The contactpieces of the key-Ta connect the positive pole of the battery, with themiddle rails Su Sa etc., since the switch arms RM RM etc., ofthestepping switch SW normally rests on the contacts are connected overthe contacts 1 of the contact rows K V and K to V with the condensers 1of the groups C to C However at the next movement the switch arms RMaetc., of the switch SW move into position 2, since the rotary magnet wasenergized over contact 70 closed by the depressing of the key Ta; earth,-contact 70, of key Ta, winding of rotary magnet DM, battery, earth. Theswitch arms RMa, RM etc., for the present remain in position 2.

If new the key T is depressed, the middle rails Sn are by the contactpieces 70,, to 70, connected with the positive pole of battery B or withthe negative pole of battery B The condensers 2 of the groups C1Cv arenow, over contacts 2 of the contact rows K to V or K to V of the switchand over the middle rails Sa Sn etc., connected to the batteries andcorrespondingly receive a positive or negative charge. Over contact 70of key T the rotary magnet DM again receives an impulse, so that itmoves the wipers RMa, RM etc., into position 8. On depressing the keyscorresponding to the numbers 4,7 and 5 the third, fourth and eightcondensers of the groups C; to C were charged. The wipers RMa, RM etc.,are now brought into position 6.

The operator having a set-the wanted number now depresses a key AnT,whereby a starting relay An, is energized as will now be explained.

The sender GB according to Figure 5 is provided, in addition to theusual ring S for sending signals to thedistant exchanges, with twocontact rings S S 'over which run the brushes Bu Bu that are coupled tothe brush Bu The rings S S are provided with a long contact 37 and 38respectively and a short contact 39 and 40 respectively. These contactsare so arranged that the brushes Bu Bu run over the contacts 37, 38during the time in which the brush Bu, in succession comes in contactwith the contacts K, to K As soon as the brush Bu has left the contact Kthe brushes Bu Bu come in contact with the contacts 39, 40

As soon as the brushes Bui Bu run onto the contacts 89, 40 the circuitfor the starting relay An, is closed as folows if the before mentionedkey AnT is depressed: earth, contact 13 of AnT, contact 39, brushes BuBu contact 40 winding of relay An bat- 'tery, earth.

.densers The relay An, operates and locks itself over it contacts 38earth, contact (5 of the row K wiper l-lMa, contact 6 of K 38 Anbattery, earth. The relay An, furthermore closes the contacts 31 to35..., as well as the contacts 36, and 37 and opens the contact 41, to45 By opening the contacts 41..., to 45 the test1ng levers, operating inconjunction with the perforated strip, are disconnected. At con tact 37the circuit for the coupling and disconnecting magnet AKM is closed aswell as for the switching relay 1; whereby the paper strip at the senderis stopped and thus the transmission of the telegram is interrupted.Over the contacts 31 to 35, the contacts (5l0 ot' the contact rows K toK of the stepping switch SW are connected to the ring S, of the highspeed telegraph transmitter, so that on the further operation ofthisstepping switch the first, second, etc.,.

condensers of the group C to C discharge themselves in succession overthe brush Bu corresponding contacts K K etc., and the line relay L Thisline relay therefore operates its contacts 121, and 131 (Fig. 1)corresponding to the positive or negative discharge of the condensers,so that corresponding current combinations (positive and negativeimpulses) are transferred over the long distance line FL to the receiverER (Fig. 2) in the distant exchange.

As soon as, at each rotation of the brushes, the brushes Bu Bu run ,onthe contacts 37, 38, the rotary magnet DM of the stepping switch SW isenergized as fol-- lows: earth, contact 37, brushes Bu Bu contact 38,contact 36, DM, battery, earth. By each operation of the rotary magnetDM the arms RMa, RM etc. are moved on one step. As soon as the switcharms RMa, RM, etc., have made a complete rotation; that is from thetenth row again onto the first contact, earth potential is withdrawnfrom the relay Am. The relay An, opens 1ts contacts. By opening itscontact 36 the circuit of the magnet DM is opened. The stepping switchSWV is again in its normal posi tron. By closing the contacts 41, to 45the hunting device for the perforated strip is again connected up, whileby opening the contact 37 the coupling magnet AKM and the switchingrelay P are again disconnected. Thereby the coupling for the perforatedstrip is moved in, so that the perforated strip is moved on and thetelegram is transmitted.

I claim:

1. In a code sender, a plurality of condensers, means for charging saidcondensers, means for successively discharging said conover a linecircuit after they are all charged to transmit a series of code inlsets,there being one set for pulses and a wiper forming part of said chargingmeans and forming also a part of said discharging means.

2. In a code sender for transmitting numbers, a plurality of condensersarranged in each digit of a number to be transmitted, means for chargingthe condensers of each set according to a code representing a particulardigit, means for associating each set with a line circuit in turn, oneset after the other, means for discharging the condensers of each setover the line circuit in succession to transmit sets of code impulses,and a set of wipers forming a part of the said charging means andforming also a part of said discharging means.

3. In a telephone system, a toll line connecting two exchanges, a tolloperators switchboard in each exchange, automatic switches in the secondexchange controlled over said toll line by the o'peratoi' in the firstexchange to connect with a called line, means for autmnaticallysignalling the operator in the second exchange responsive to theestablishment of the connection, and means controlled by the said lastmentioned operator for signalling the subscriber on the connected calledline.

4. In a telephone system, a toll line connecting two exchanges, a tolloperators switchboard in the first exchange, automatic switches in thesecond exchange, means whereby the operator at said switchboard cancontrol a train of said switches over said toll line to establish atalking connection over the toll line between subscribers in saidexchanges, means whereby said operator can control a second train ofsaid switches over said toll line to prepare a second connection whilethe conversation is in progress, and means in the second exchangecontrolled by said operator for switching the toll line from the firsttrain of switches to the second to complete the prepared connection whenthe first is finished- 5. In a telephone system, a toll line connectingtwo exchanges, a toll operators switchboard in the first exchange,automatic switches in the second exchange, means whereby the operator atsaid switchboard can control atrain of said switches over said toll lineto establish a talking connection said toll line to advise the tolloperator when each called subscriber hangs up.

(i. In a combined telephone and telegraph system, a circuit, means fortransn'iitting sets of code impulses over said circuit, each setcorresponding toa letter or figure of a telegram orto -a. digit in a.telephone number, the digits in each teleplnme number being preceded bya. special set of code impulses, a printing telegraph for printing allletters and figures received, and a telephone number decoder responsiveto said special code whenever it is received for decoding the numberimmediately following.

7. In a combined telephone and telegraph system, a circuit, means fortransmitting sets of code impulses over said circuit, each setcorresponding to a letter or figure ot' a telegram or to a digit in atelephone number, means for decoding and printing all charactersreceived, means for decoding and registering the telephone numbers, andmeans for transmitting a special set of code impulses just ahead of eachtelephone number to indicate a. pause in the telegram being transmittedand to stait the operation of the telephone number decoding means.

8. In a telephone system, two exchanges, means for connecting a callingline in one exchange with a called line in another exchange comprisinga. trunk line connecting said exchanges and a train of automaticswitches in the second exchange for connecting with the called line,means in the first exchange for translating the called number into anon-decimal code, means for transmitting impulses over said trunk linein accordance wtih said code, a translator at the second exchangeresponsive to said i1nulses for decoding the number, and a sender 111the second exchange for operating said switches in accordance with thenumber after it is decoded.

9. In a combined telephone and telegraph system, a telephone line havinga telegraph circuit superimposed thereon, a telegraph sender for sendingtelegraph messages over said line, telegraph receiving apparatus on thedistant end of said line responsive to the operation of said sender,operator controlled means for temporarily removing said telegraphcircuit from under the controloi said telegraph sender and fortransmitting impulses representing a telephone number over said line,and automatic switchingmechanism on the distant end of said linenon-responsive to said telegraph sender, but responsive to said operatorcontrolled mechanism to extend a connection from said line to a desiredcalled line.

10.111 a combined telephone and telegraph system, a line, means fortransmitting current impulses over said line representing telegraphmessages and for trans mitting similar impulses representing te1eplumenumbers, telegraph receiving apparatus on the distant end of the lineresponsive to all of said impulses, and automatic switchingmechanismalso on the distant end of the line responsive only to the impulsesrepresenting telephone numbers.

11. in a combined telephone and telegraph system. a line, means fortransmitting current impulses over said line, a telegraph recordingdevice for controlling said means, and a telephone-numlier recordingdevice also "for controlling said means.

12. in a combined telephone and telegraph system, a line, means forsending current impulses over said line, a telegraph recording devicefor controlling said sending means, a telephone-number recording devicetor controlling said sending means, and means responsive to the settingof said telephone-mu'nbcr recording device for removing said sendingmeans from under the control of said telegraph recording device and forplacing it under the control oi said telephone-number recording device.

12}. In a combined telephone and telegraph systcm, a line, means forsending current impulses over said line, a telegraph rccording devicefor controlling said sending means, a telephone-number recording devicefor controlling said sending means, and means for removing said sendingmeans from under the control of said telegraph rccording device and forplacing it under the control of said telephone-number recording device.

ll. in a combined telephone and telegraph system, a line, means forsending current impulses over said line. a telegraph recordii'ig devicefor controlling said sending means, a telephone-number recording devicefor coi'itrolling said sending means, means for removing said sendingmeans from under the control of said telegraph recording device and forplacing it under the control oi said tcleplione-nun'ibcr recordingdevice, and means for rendering the lastnamed means etiective responsiveto the arrival of said sending means in a given posi tion.

15.1 1 a combined telephone and tele graph system, a line, means forsending series of current impulses over said line, each seriesrepresenting a separate character, a telegraph recording device forcon-- trolling said sending means, a telephonenumber recording devicefor controlling said sending means, means for removing said sendingmeans from under the control of said telegraph recording device forplacing it under the control of said telephone number recording device,and means torrendering the last'named means effective rcsponsive, to thecompletion of the transmission of any partially transmitted character.

16. In a combined telephone and telegraph system, a line, means forsending current impulses over said line, a telegraph recording devicefor controlling said sending means, a telephone-number of recordingdevice for controlling said sending means, means for removing saidsending means from under the control of said telegraph recording deviceand for placing it under the control of said telephone-number recordingdevice, and means for delaying the action 10 of the last named meansuntil the sending means arrives in a predetermined position.

FRITZ LUBBERGER.

